Bosch Launches Hydrogen Fuel-Cell Bus Trial in Madrid

Bosch’s new fuel-cell system has entered test operations in Madrid, where an Irizar bus is being used in passenger services to assess the technology’s performance under real-world conditions. The trial will examine the potential for hydrogen-powered buses to support zero-emission public transport, including on longer-distance routes.

Hydrogen Fuel-Cell Technology Targets Zero-Emission Public Transport

A new Bosch fuel-cell system is being tested in Madrid’s public transport network as bus operators consider alternatives to diesel powertrains in response to European Union (EU) emissions requirements.

Spanish bus company Alsa is operating the Irizar test bus, which is equipped with Bosch’s FCPM C190 fuel-cell power module. The vehicle has already been transporting passengers through the Spanish capital for several weeks.

Operations will focus on routes where the fuel cell’s longer range can demonstrate its capabilities, with the trial expected to continue for several weeks.

Thomas Pauer, member of the Bosch Mobility sector board and president of Bosch Power Solutions, said: “The fuel cell is the perfect complement to battery-electric powertrains – even in bus operations,”

“Fuel cells are especially well-suited for buses that travel longer distances every day and rarely have the opportunity to charge en route. With this trial, we can clearly demonstrate that Bosch’s fuel-cell technology is ready for the demands of large-scale deployment in passenger transport.”

Testing Hydrogen Powertrains In Real-World Conditions

The test vehicle has undergone extensive testing and received the necessary approval ahead of its operation in Madrid.

Day-to-day passenger services will now be used to assess the robustness and capabilities of its fuel-cell powertrain under real operating conditions.

The bus uses Bosch’s FCPM C190, a compact fuel-cell system based on a horizontal double stack that provides a continuous output of 190 kilowatts.

Combined with the vehicle’s available hydrogen tank capacity, the system enables ranges of more than 1,000 kilometres. Refuelling takes between 10 and 15 minutes, allowing the vehicle to also be used for intercity services.

Bosch’s fuel-cell portfolio also includes the FCPM C300, designed for heavy-duty tour buses and trucks, and the FCPM C100. The latter provides a continuous power output of 100 kilowatts and features a flat design intended for city buses.

EU Emissions Targets Drive Bus Technology Development

The Madrid trial comes as EU regulations place increasing emissions requirements on bus operators and urban transport networks.

By 2030, carbon emissions from newly registered city buses must be reduced by 90 per cent compared with 2019 levels. For other types of buses, the requirement applies from 2040.

Fuel-cell power modules are recognised by the EU as zero-emission vehicle technology and are among the alternatives being developed to replace conventional diesel powertrains.

According to the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA), just over 38,000 new buses were registered in the EU in 2025.

Bosch Develops Technology Across The Hydrogen Value Chain

Alongside fuel-cell systems for transport, Bosch is developing technologies covering hydrogen production, infrastructure and use.

In 2025, the company announced the launch of its Hybrion proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis stack for hydrogen production.

Bosch is also developing technology for hydrogen engines and offers components for port and direct injection.

At the end of 2025, a Bosch development team won the German Future Prize, the federal president’s award for technology and innovation, for its development of the mobile fuel cell.